Elephantiasis

Filarial worm parasite; chronic lymphatic damage causes grotesque limb swelling.

Elephantiasis, or lymphatic filariasis, is a parasitic infection caused by filarial worms (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori), transmitted through mosquito bites. People afflicted develop severe swelling and thickening of the skin and underlying tissues, typically in the legs, arms, or genital area. The disease often starts asymptomatically, but chronic infection leads to lymphatic system damage, resulting in lymphedema and significant disability due to the grossly enlarged and disfigured body parts. The condition can cause significant physical impairment and social stigma.

Symptoms

Often initially asymptomatic.

Progression

Chronic infection leads to severe swelling and thickening of the skin in the legs, arms, or genital area. Without proper treatment and care, affected limbs can become grossly enlarged and disfigured, leading to disability, secondary infections, and severe social stigma.

Treatment

  • Garlic (to kill parasites)
  • Tumeric (anti-inflammatory to help with swelling)
  • Castor Bean oil (to reduce swelling)
  • Possible surgical drainage of lymphatic fluid.