Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania parasites, transmitted by the bite of infected sandflies. It manifests in two main forms: cutaneous, causing skin sores that can become ulcers, and visceral, affecting internal organs like the spleen and liver. Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, presents with fever, weight loss, anemia, enlarged spleen, and liver, and can be fatal if untreated. Cutaneous leishmaniasis may heal on its own but can leave significant scars. The disease primarily affects people in tropical and subtropical regions.
Forms
- Cutaneous leishmaniasis: Presents as skin sores that can develop into ulcers and leave scars.
- Visceral leishmaniasis: Manifests with fever, weight loss, enlargement of the spleen and liver, and anemia.
Progression
Cutaneous leishmaniasis may heal spontaneously but leave notable scars. Visceral leishmaniasis can be fatal if untreated, causing significant organ damage and susceptibility to other infections.
Treatment
- Neem leaves (to treat skin sores)
- Aloe Vera (applied to lesions to soothe and heal)
- Turmeric (topical or consumed for anti-inflammatory effects)
- Surgical removal of infected tissue or nodules where possible